55-Gallon Steel Drums
A 55-gallon steel drum is a standard industrial container designed for the storage and transport of liquids and solids. Constructed from carbon or stainless steel, these drums are available in open-head or tight-head formats, with optional linings for product compatibility. They're commonly used for chemicals, oils, fuels, and some food applications. Drums may be UN-rated for hazardous materials if tested and marked accordingly.
Type
Fittings
Fittings
Top
Closure Mechanisms
Closure Mechanisms
Details & Specs
General Specifications
| Specification | Details | Notes / Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal Capacity | 55 US gallons (208 liters) | Standard capacity for industrial drums |
| Common Materials | Carbon steel (standard), Stainless steel (for corrosion resistance) | Carbon steel is most common; stainless steel used for sensitive contents |
| Drum Types | Open-head (removable lid), Tight-head (sealed top with bungs) | Open-head for solids or thick liquids; tight-head for pourable liquids |
| Typical Applications | Chemicals, oils, fuels, food (if FDA-compliant), waste | Manufacturing, agriculture, food processing, waste management |
| UN Rating Eligibility | Yes — if tested and marked to UN/DOT standards | Look for UN markings like UN1A1/X1.8/300 or UN1A2/Y1.6/150 |
Features & Usage
| Feature | Details | Notes / Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Lining Options | Unlined or epoxy-phenolic lining (food/pharma safe) | Lined drums may be FDA-approved; unlined are not food-safe |
| Closure Mechanism | Bolt ring or lever-lock (open-head); sealed top (tight-head) | Bolt rings require tools; lever-locks are tool-free |
| Bung Configuration | 2″ and ¾″ threaded bungs on tight-head drums | Standard bung sizes for pumps/funnels |
| Stacking/Palletization | 4 drums per 48″×48″ pallet; up to 208 per truckload | 4 drums per pallet, 2 pallets high = 208 per 53′ trailer |
| Reusability | Reusable; can be reconditioned for industrial reuse | Must be reconditioned to meet UN reuse standards |
Dimensions & Physical Specs
| Specification | Details | Notes / Examples |
|---|---|---|
| External Dimensions | Approx. 23″ (dia.) × 34.5″ (height) | Varies slightly by manufacturer |
| Empty Weight | 38–48 lbs (varies by gauge and design) | Heavier than plastic or fiber drums |
| Steel Thickness | Typically 18-gauge (top/bottom), 20-gauge (body) | 18-gauge = ~1.2 mm; 20-gauge = ~0.9 mm |
| Common Colors | Black, blue, gray; stainless steel is unpainted | Color can indicate contents or use case |
FAQs
Are steel drums food-grade?
Only new, epoxy phenolic lined drums are food grade. Reconditioned or unlined drums are not suitable for food or drink.
Can steel drums be reused?
Yes, they can be reconditioned for non-food use if structurally sound and cleaned to standard.
Can you store water in a steel drum?
Yes, but only in a lined or stainless steel drum. Unlined carbon steel will rust with water exposure.
How much does an empty 55-gallon steel drum weigh?
Typically 38–48 lbs, depending on the gauge and design.
How much does a 55-gallon drum of water weigh?
About 497–507 lbs total, including drum and 55 gallons of water.
What’s the difference between open-head and tight-head?
Open-head: removable lid, best for solids or thick liquids.
Tight-head: sealed top with bungs, best for pourable liquids.
What do UN rating codes mean?
They indicate the drum type, material, and tested safety level for hazardous materials (e.g., UN1A2/Y1.6/150).
What is a salvage or overpack drum?
Salvage: used to contain leaking or damaged drums. Overpack: used to enclose intact drums for protection.
